Understanding Distance and Speed
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P6 Mathematics - Term II

Topic 8: Distance, Time and Speed

Lesson 2: Understanding Distance and Speed

Duration: 45 minutes

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

  • Identify and use correct units for measuring distance
  • Explain what speed means in everyday language
  • Identify and use correct units for measuring speed
  • Understand the meaning of the slash in speed units
  • Compare speeds of different objects or people

Review: Time Units

Quick review from Lesson 1:

  • What are the units of time? (hours, minutes, seconds)
  • How many minutes in 1 hour? (60 minutes)
  • What is point of time? (A specific moment)
  • What is duration? (How long something takes)

How Do We Know Distance?

Think about these questions:

  • Is your home close to school or far from school?
  • How do you know?
  • Is Kampala close to Jinja?
  • How do you know?

We need a way to measure "how far"!

What is Distance?

Definition:
Distance is how far apart two places or objects are.

Examples around us:

  • Home to school
  • Kampala to Jinja
  • Your desk to the chalkboard
  • Kampala to Entebbe

Units of Distance

Two main units:

Metre (m) - for shorter distances
Kilometre (km) - for longer distances

1 kilometre = 1,000 metres

Remember: km is much longer than m!

When to Use Metres

Use metres (m) for short distances:

  • Height of a person: about 1.5 metres
  • Length of a classroom: about 8 metres
  • Width of a football field: about 60 metres
  • Walking distance to nearby shop: maybe 200 metres

Metres are for things you can see or walk quickly

When to Use Kilometres

Use kilometres (km) for long distances:

  • Kampala to Entebbe: about 37 kilometres
  • Kampala to Jinja: about 80 kilometres
  • Kampala to Mbarara: about 240 kilometres
  • Distance a matatu travels: kilometres

Kilometres are for cities, journeys, long trips

Converting Distance Units

To convert kilometres to metres, multiply by 1,000

3 km = 3 × 1,000 = 3,000 m
5 km = 5 × 1,000 = 5,000 m
0.5 km = 0.5 × 1,000 = 500 m

Why multiply? Metres are smaller, so we need MORE of them.

Converting Metres to Kilometres

To convert metres to kilometres, divide by 1,000

2,000 m = 2,000 ÷ 1,000 = 2 km
7,000 m = 7,000 ÷ 1,000 = 7 km
500 m = 500 ÷ 1,000 = 0.5 km

Why divide? Kilometres are larger, so we need FEWER of them.

Practice: Distance Units

Which unit would you use?

  1. Distance from your desk to the teacher's desk
  2. Distance from Kampala to Gulu
  3. Height of a building
  4. Distance a matatu travels in one day

Think: Metres or kilometres for each?

Answers: Distance Units

  1. Desk to teacher's desk → metres (short distance)
  2. Kampala to Gulu → kilometres (long journey)
  3. Height of building → metres (even tall buildings)
  4. Matatu daily distance → kilometres (long distance)

Good thinking!

What is Speed?

Think about these:

  • A car is moving fast
  • A person is walking slowly
  • A bicycle is moving medium speed

But what exactly is speed?

Speed Definition

Speed is how fast something or someone is moving

More precisely:
Speed tells us the distance covered in a certain amount of time

Example:
If you walk 5 km in 1 hour, your speed is 5 km per hour

Units of Speed

Two common units:

Kilometres per hour (km/hr or km/h)
Metres per second (m/sec or m/s)

The slash "/" means "per" or "in every"

Understanding "Per" in Speed

The "/" means "per" = "in every"

km/hr means:
"kilometres in every hour"

Examples:

  • 60 km/hr = 60 kilometres in every hour
  • 40 km/hr = 40 kilometres in every hour
  • 5 m/sec = 5 metres in every second

Real-Life Ugandan Speeds

Typical speeds:

  • Person walking: about 5 km/hr
  • Bicycle: about 15 km/hr
  • Boda-boda: about 40 km/hr
  • Matatu in city: about 30 km/hr
  • Car on highway: about 80 km/hr

What Does 60 km/hr Mean?

If a car travels at 60 km/hr:

  • In 1 hour, it covers 60 km
  • In 2 hours, it covers 120 km
  • In 3 hours, it covers 180 km

The speed stays the same, but distance increases with time

Comparing Speeds

Which is faster?

Person A: walks at 4 km/hr
Person B: walks at 6 km/hr

Person B is faster because they cover more distance (6 km) in the same time (1 hour)

Fastest to Slowest

Arrange these in order from slowest to fastest:

  • Car: 80 km/hr
  • Walking: 5 km/hr
  • Cycling: 15 km/hr
  • Boda-boda: 40 km/hr

What's the order?

Answer: Slowest to Fastest

Correct order:

  1. Walking: 5 km/hr (slowest)
  2. Cycling: 15 km/hr
  3. Boda-boda: 40 km/hr
  4. Car: 80 km/hr (fastest)

The larger the number, the faster the speed!

Why Speed Has Two Parts

Speed always combines two things:

  1. Distance (how far)
  2. Time (how long)

Example: 40 km/hr

  • Distance part: 40 kilometres
  • Time part: per hour

You need BOTH to describe speed!

Different Speed Units

We use different units for different situations:

  • km/hr for vehicles, long journeys (car, bus, matatu)
  • m/sec for sports, short fast movements (running, athletics)

Both are correct, just used differently

Practice: Understanding Speed

Answer these questions:

  1. What does 50 km/hr mean?
  2. Which is faster: 20 km/hr or 50 km/hr?
  3. A boda-boda travels at 40 km/hr. What does this tell us?

Write answers in your exercise book

Answers: Understanding Speed

  1. 50 km/hr means 50 kilometres in every hour
  2. 50 km/hr is faster (more distance in same time)
  3. The boda-boda covers 40 km in every hour of travel

Speed tells us distance per unit of time

Real-Life Speed Problem

A matatu journey:

A matatu travels 60 km in 1 hour.

Questions:

  • What is its speed?
  • How far would it travel in 2 hours at the same speed?

Think about it!

Answer: Matatu Speed

Solution:

  1. Speed = 60 km in 1 hour = 60 km/hr

  2. In 2 hours at 60 km/hr:

    • Distance = 60 km + 60 km = 120 km

Speed helps us predict distances!

Summary: Distance and Speed

Distance:

  • Measured in metres (m) or kilometres (km)
  • 1 km = 1,000 m
  • Use metres for short distances, kilometres for long

Speed:

  • How fast something moves
  • Distance covered in a certain time
  • Units: km/hr or m/sec
  • "/" means "per" or "in every"

Why This Matters

Understanding distance and speed helps us:

  • Plan journey times
  • Understand travel schedules
  • Compare how fast things move
  • Make decisions about transportation
  • Prepare for calculating speed (next lesson!)

Homework

Assignment:

  1. Convert these distances:

    • 5 km = ___ m
    • 8,000 m = ___ km
  2. Write whether you would measure these in metres or kilometres:

    • Distance from your desk to the teacher's desk
    • Distance from Kampala to Gulu
  3. Answer: What does km/hr mean? Explain in your own words.

  4. A boda-boda travels at 40 km/hr. What does this mean?

Expected time: 20 minutes

Next Lesson Preview

Tomorrow we will learn:

  • The mathematical relationship between distance, time, and speed
  • How to calculate speed using a formula
  • How distance, time, and speed connect to each other
  • Using the formula: Speed = Distance ÷ Time

Bring your exercise book with completed homework!

Credits

Created: January 11, 2026
Based on: NCDC P6 Mathematics Curriculum - Topic 8: Distance, Time and Speed

Source: National Curriculum Development Centre (NCDC), Uganda