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Learning Goal

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Understand statistics as a process for inference

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HSS.IC.A.1

**HSS.IC.A.1**: Understand statistics as a process for making inferences about population parameters based on a random sample from that population.

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HSS.IC.A.1: Understand statistics as a process for making inferences about population parameters based on a random sample from that population.

What you'll learn

  1. Distinguish a population from a sample and a parameter from a statistic, using correct notation (mu and x-bar for means, p and p-hat for proportions)
  2. Describe statistics as a four-step process for inferring an unknown population parameter from a random sample
  3. Explain why a random sample is necessary for valid inference, and identify the bias that arises when sampling is not random
  4. Recognize sampling variability -- that a statistic changes from sample to sample while the parameter stays fixed -- and explain why this makes inference uncertain rather than exact
  5. State what can and cannot be concluded from a single sample

Slides

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1

Statistics as inference foundations

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2

Randomness and sampling variability

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Practice

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